ABSTRACT
Floodplains are land areas adjacent to rivers and streams that are subject to recurring inundation. Owing to their continually changing nature, floodplains and other flood-prone areas need to be examined in the light of how they might affect or be affected by development A Floodplain is the normally dry land area adjoining river or stream that is inundated during flood events. The most common reason for flooding could be overtopping of river or stream due to heavy downfall. The floodplain carries flow in excess of the river or stream capacity. Flood frequency and flood water-surface elevations are the crucial components for the evaluation of flood hazard. This Review paper presents the recent methodology that incorporates advanced technologies for hydrologic and hydraulic analyses that are needed to be carried out to predict the flood water-surface elevations for any ungagged watershed.
